The Nihilism

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Exacerbated expression from the materialism and the positivism, the nihilism is a philosophical doctrine that denies, among other things, all subordination to the state, politics and family. Word derived from Latin (nihil, meaning "nothing"), the nihilism bases itself on denial, being it from the established social order, being it from all forms of aestheticism, as well as in defense of the scientific rationalism and utilitarianism.

Influenced by the thoughts of Charles Darwin, Ludwig Feuerbach, Friedrich Nietzsche, Herbert Spencer (among others), such line of thought appeared in the tsarist Russia of the 19th century. According to the German philosopher Martin Heidegger, the expression was used for the first time by the philosopher Friedrich Jacobi in 1799.

In general, the nihilism is a philosophical chain that discards any values resulting on liberating the human being from the illusory fascinations of seeking moral, and material belongings. Such illusory fascinations - or beliefs - claim that every existing thing has an absolute value, therefore, being an ending to themselves (and not a means to attain a certain progress)

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